45. To which branch of insurance does long-term care insurance belong?

Answer options

1. Social insurance
2. Accident insurance
3. Household contents insurance
4. Liability and fire insurance

Explanation

Social long-term care insurance was established by the Long-Term Care Insurance Act of 1994 (SGB XI), effective 1 January 1995, as the fifth pillar of Germany’s statutory social insurance alongside health, pension, unemployment, and accident insurance. It is a contribution-financed compulsory scheme that operationalizes the welfare-state principle of the Basic Law (Articles 20(1) and 28(1)); the Federation legislates under concurrent powers (Article 74(1) no. 12). Its carriers are self-governing public-law bodies, reflecting the tradition of self-administration in social insurance. The scheme closed a coverage gap between health insurance and social assistance in the context of demographic aging.