156. In which year was Hitler appointed Reich Chancellor?

Answer options

1. 1. 1923
2. 2. 1927
3. 3. 1933
4. 4. 1936

Explanation

Adolf Hitler was appointed Reich Chancellor on 30 January 1933 by President Paul von Hindenburg under Article 53 of the Weimar Constitution—formally constitutional, but politically the result of the presidential-cabinet system and a backroom “cabinet of national concentration” engineered by Franz von Papen. Within weeks, emergency decrees under Article 48 (the Reichstag Fire Decree of 28 February 1933) suspended core fundamental rights. The Enabling Act of 23 March 1933 (Law to Remedy the Distress of People and Reich), passed under intense intimidation, transferred legislative power to the cabinet and effectively nullified the separation of powers. These measures inaugurated Gleichschaltung and the transition from a democratic constitutional order to National Socialist dictatorship.