39. What does every German Land (federal state) have?

Answer options

1. its own foreign minister
2. its own currency
3. its own army
4. its own government

Explanation

Under the Basic Law, the Federal Republic is a federal state (Art. 20(1) GG); the Länder possess statehood with their own constitutions, parliaments, and Land governments (Art. 28(1), Art. 30 GG). Foreign affairs are a federal matter; Länder may conclude treaties only within their competences and with the federal government’s consent (Art. 32 GG). Monetary authority does not lie with the Länder—formerly at the federal level (Art. 88 GG) and, since Maastricht, as an exclusive EU competence (TFEU Art. 3(1)(c)). The armed forces are exclusively federal (Art. 87a GG); thus each Land has its own government but neither a foreign minister nor its own currency or army.