144. In Germany, a judge belongs to the …

Answer options

1. executive power.
2. judicial power.
3. planning power.
4. legislative power.

Explanation

Under Article 20(2) of the Basic Law, state authority is divided into the legislature, the executive, and the judiciary; judges belong to the judicial power. Article 92 GG states this explicitly: judicial power is entrusted to judges and is exercised by the Federal Constitutional Court, the federal courts designated in the Basic Law, and the courts of the Länder. Core guarantees are judicial independence (Art. 97 GG) and the right to the lawful judge (Art. 101(1) sentence 2 GG), which underpin separation of powers and the rule of law. There is no “planning power” in the constitutional order; planning is an administrative function within the executive.