193. From 1961 to 1989, Berlin was …

Answer options

1. without a mayor.
2. a state of its own.
3. divided by a wall.
4. reachable only by airplane.

Explanation

Between 1961 and 1989, Berlin was divided by the Berlin Wall, erected by the GDR on 13 August 1961 along the sector boundary; its breach on 9 November 1989 ended this border regime. In constitutional terms, Berlin remained under Four-Power status; West Berlin was not a Land of the Federal Republic but was closely tied to the Basic Law (former Art. 23, subject to Allied reservations) and had a Governing Mayor. Berlin was therefore neither a sovereign state nor “without a mayor.” Access was not limited to air travel; road and rail transit were guaranteed under international law and by the 1971 Transit Agreement.